Prep the produce: Slice the zucchini into half-moons, dice the onion, and mince the garlic. Drain the tomatoes if using canned.
Brown the beef: Heat a large skillet over medium-high.
Add the ground beef and cook, breaking it up, until browned and no longer pink, 5–7 minutes. Season lightly with salt and pepper.
Render or drain: If there’s excess grease, drain it. If your beef is very lean, leave a little fat or add 1 tablespoon oil.
Sauté aromatics: Push the beef to the side.
Add 1 tablespoon oil if needed, then sauté the onion for 2 minutes until softened. Stir in garlic and cook 30 seconds until fragrant.
Add zucchini: Stir in the zucchini. Cook 3–5 minutes, stirring occasionally, until just tender but still crisp around the edges.
Avoid overcooking.
Season well: Add smoked paprika, Italian seasoning, red pepper flakes (if using), and a pinch more salt and pepper. Stir to coat everything evenly.
Tomatoes and paste: Mix in the diced tomatoes and tomato paste. Stir until the paste dissolves and the mixture looks saucy, about 2 minutes.
Simmer briefly: Reduce heat to medium and let it bubble for 3–4 minutes to meld flavors and slightly thicken.
Taste and adjust seasoning.
Optional cheesy finish: Sprinkle cheese over the top, cover for 1–2 minutes until melted.
Garnish and serve: Remove from heat and finish with chopped parsley or basil. Serve hot.