Boil the pasta: Bring a large pot of salted water to a rolling boil. Cook spaghetti until just shy of al dente.
Reserve 1/2 cup of the starchy cooking water, then drain.
Sauté aromatics: In a large skillet over medium heat, warm olive oil and melt butter. Add garlic and red pepper flakes. Cook 30–60 seconds until fragrant, not browned.
Add tomato base: Stir in crushed tomatoes and a pinch of salt and pepper.
Simmer 3–4 minutes to meld flavors. If the tomatoes are very tangy, add the sugar.
Make it creamy: Reduce heat to low. Pour in the cream and stir.
Let the sauce gently bubble for 2–3 minutes until slightly thickened.
Stir in Parmesan: Sprinkle in Parmesan gradually, stirring until smooth. If the sauce seems too thick, loosen with a splash of pasta water.
Wilt the spinach: Add spinach by the handful, tossing until just wilted and vibrant. Taste and adjust seasoning with salt and pepper.
Toss with pasta: Add the drained spaghetti to the skillet.
Toss well, adding reserved pasta water a little at a time until the sauce clings silkily to the noodles.
Finish and serve: Top with extra Parmesan, a sprinkle of herbs, and a whisper of lemon zest if you like. Serve hot.